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Quick Links to Sonnet
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From the President's
Desk |
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Perfectly Calibrated
Ports and New Design Methodologies
We first started developing
planar EM software, nearly 25 years ago. Back then designers
would use EM only for individual discontinuities and other
very small structures. Later, as computers became faster and
designer sophistication grew, entire circuits might be
analyzed. The problem that now arose was what to do if the
final EM analysis indicates the design will fail? Which
component do I make bigger, which do I make smaller? Fast
answers were needed, but none were available.
Eventually, some EM tools
allowed inclusion of ideal internal components, or perhaps
even measured data. This was called “co-simulation” and was
introduced with great fanfare. Unfortunately, it never
amounted to much more than a bullet on a sales flyer. It did
work at low frequency for simple simulations. However, when
the co-simulation complexity increased, especially at high
frequency, it failed, and sometimes dramatically. It failed
because the internal ports (used to insert ideal components
and S-parameters) were not perfectly calibrated, if they
were even calibrated at all. When there were a lot of
internal ports (i.e., a lot of co-simulation complexity),
then even small port calibration error forced failure.
(Note: Internal ports, or their equivalent, must be used for
EM co-simulation, even if hidden behind big fancy
equations.)
Now, the port calibration
problem is solved. Sonnet Suites Release 11 has an industry first:
perfectly calibrated internal ports, possible only in a
shielded FFT based EM analysis like Sonnet. We call them
“Co-calibrated™” Ports. The problem that some EM researchers
vehemently insist can not be solved…is now solved and
available to everyone. This changes everything.
Now, we can take any planar
circuit and remove all the transistors, resistors and
capacitors (and maybe even inductors) and substitute
perfectly calibrated ports. Do an EM analysis of the
remaining interconnect. After it is complete, populate the
circuit with your first guess for the best resistors,
capacitors, etc. This can be done completely within your
favorite framework, or completely within Sonnet, your
choice. The remaining analysis is nearly instantaneous.
Change a resistor, and the new results are again nearly
instantaneous. Change a capacitor. Change a transistor.
Evaluate a hundred designs in a single morning!
How about tuning a transmission
line length, say, in a filter or in a matching network?
Simply add a pair of Co-calibrated Ports in series with the
line (or four Co-calibrated Ports in series with a coupled
line, etc.). Now, using your favorite framework (or Sonnet
by itself), add a short length of transmission line and
optimize or tune the length. You will get circuit theory
speed with EM accuracy.
Until now, this kind of power has never
been available to the microwave designer. Learn about
our new Co-calibrated Ports and let us guide you through the
new, incredibly powerful design techniques, and leap
light-years ahead of everyone else. It’s actually
stupendously easy. Whatever you do, don’t wait!
Dr. James C. Rautio
Founder and President
Sonnet Software, Inc. |
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Sonnet Tech
Tip - Get Fast Results with Sonnet's Netlist |
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Did
you know that you can use Sonnet to perform simple Netlist
circuit simulations? This means you can create and
simulate, cascaded networks made up of Sonnet projects,
S-parameter files and/or simple lumped RLC components.
Literally, thousands of people around the world know Sonnet
as one of the most accurate EM simulation software in the market
but not many users are even aware that Sonnet (including the
free Sonnet Lite™) allows you to create simple netlist projects
to run linear circuit theory simulations. This engine
simply performs nodal analysis on any netlist created by the
user within Sonnet's Netlist user interface.
The true power of this is revealed
as you cascade various types of components (Sonnet projects,
S-parameter files, RLC elements) to create the network.
You can cascade Sonnet EM projects with other vendor S-parameter
files or cascade multiple S-parameter files with multiple Sonnet
projects or even include lumped element resistors, capacitors
and inductors to the netlist project without ever leaving
the Sonnet environment.
To
create a Netlist using Sonnet Project Editor, do the following:
1: Click the Edit Project icon from the Sonnet Task Bar. (Drop
down menu appears)
2: Select New Netlist from the drop down menu.
(New netlist project window appears on your display.)
3: Create the netlist using the user interface.
4: Setup analysis and run the simulation.
To learn more about Netlist
and its proper application, please refer to Chapter 13 of Sonnet
User's Guide.
Click here to
view the User's Guide.
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Support Corner: SAVE TIME and Use Conformal Mesh |

Each day at Sonnet Support,
our Support Team helps our customers solve problems and
become more efficient in using Sonnet. During this
process, we receive project files from a wide spectrum
of engineers with various levels of proficiency in using
Sonnet. However, I have noticed that many users, both
beginners and experts are not taking advantage of
one of the biggest time-saving features
available in Sonnet: Conformal Mesh.
As you read further, see if
you can remember if there were any circuits which took a
long time to simulate because they had diagonal or
curved lines in them. If so, did you remember to use
Conformal Mesh? Do you know what Conformal Mesh is?
Conformal Mesh uses a
patented technique for reducing the number of
subsections (or “unknowns”) necessary for diagonal and
curved structures. For most commercial EM simulators,
reducing the number of subsections means using larger
subsections resulting in lower accuracy. This is mainly
due to the fact that larger subsections are not able to
accurately model the "edge singularity" of planar
transmission lines.
The term “edge singularity”
refers to the very high current that flows on the edges
of planar transmission lines such as in microstrip,
stripline and CPW lines. This edge singularity is
physical and it is accurately described by Maxwell's
Equations. In Sonnet however, using Conformal Mesh to
reduce the number of subsections does not compromise the
accuracy of its results. Take the following circular
spiral inductor, for example.

This is similar to many
circuits I see come through the support desk from
customers. The circuit requires more than 10,000
subsections (880MB memory) using standard rectangular
mesh, but only 2053 subsections (38MB) when using
Conformal Mesh. In this example, the analysis ran 5.7X
faster by simply using Conformal Mesh and the results
were just as accurate!
So, how does Conformal Mesh
use fewer subsections without compromising accuracy? The
accuracy is maintained by building the “edge
singularity” into the Conformal Mesh subsection itself.

The two figures above show
the 3-dimensional plot of the current that flows through
a curved section of a transmission line. This could be
part of a bend or a section out of the spiral inductor
shown above. The height and the colors show the relative
scale of the current that flows through the curved
section. The figure on the left uses the standard
rectangular mesh while the figure on the right uses
Conformal Mesh. The currents are practically identical,
but the Conformal Mesh circuit uses fewer subsections,
thus saving memory and analysis time.
I encourage you to consider
looking at Conformal Mesh for your next circuit design.
For details on how to use Conformal Mesh, see
chapter 12 of the Sonnet Release 11 User’s Manual.
Jim Merrill
Team Leader
Sonnet Technical Support Group
For more on this subject, please contact
us at
Sonnet Support. |
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Article: Perfectly Calibrated Ports for EM Analysis |

Conventional
internal ports in most EM analysis software tools always
introduce at least some tiny stray capacitances and
inductances which are electromagnetic artifacts of the way
internal ports must be created. These tiny port
discontinuities cause large errors in certain situations,
for example, at the inputs and outputs of power FETs, where
they operate with impedances of only a couple of ohms. Most
EM analyses make no attempt at all to calibrate internal
ports. Now, with Co-calibrated™ Ports, perfectly calibrated
groups of internal ports are easily realized. The internal
ports for the power FET are analyzed with absolutely all of
the port discontinuities exactly removed. This
article describes the potentially limitless applications
where these (truly the industry's first) Co-calibrated ports
can be used.
This article first appeared in the
Microwave Journal.
To view the article,
click here. |
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On-line Sonnet Technical Forum |
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The
current version of the Sonnet Users' Forum is now over two
years old and has seen a steady increase in the number of members
and threads discussed on the forum. We have now
over 230 members and over 200 topics covering a wide range
of questions from Transmission Lines,
Coplanar to Microstrip Transitions,
Spiral Inductors,
Defected Ground Structures, and more...
The Forum is
a great place to exchange
technical ideas with other users, ask questions and get advice on using Sonnet. In addition, Sonnet support
staff monitors the forum to ensure that you get an answer
that is timely and accurate. Forum membership is open to
present Sonnet users and anyone interested in learning more
about Sonnet products. To join the forum, please
click
here. |
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Feature Highlight:
A Redesigned Interface to Agilent ADS |
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Sonnet's
all new interface to Agilent EEsof Advanced Design System
(ADS) provides a tight integration
between Sonnet's EM solver engine and the ADS design
environment. Sonnet's EM analysis
engine can run directly from the ADS design environment.
Designed from ground-up, this new interface offers a
comprehensive user interface to allow full control over the
Sonnet's EM analysis engine without ever leaving the ADS
design environment.
Import design information from schematics, layouts or existing Momentum
designs with a single menu selection. To work more
efficiently, a powerful 3D Viewer is offered and the
interface automatically generates
Layout Look-alike schematic symbols. This interface
truly allows co-simulation of circuit theory and the best-in-class planar EM
solver.
Learn More... |
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Sonnet Training Seminars |

Sonnet Software holds training
seminars across America. Seminars have been held
from the Boston area to the Silicon Valley and places in
between like Baltimore, Dallas and Phoenix. We
offer on-site training upon request.
Two levels of training seminars
are offered. A hands-on Introductory level
course and the Advanced Topics course. Each
session lasts about 3.5 hours each. The
Introductory course takes you through an introduction to the
Sonnet 3D Planar electromagnetic (EM) analysis suite using
Sonnet Lite. You will also have the opportunity to work
through examples of real microwave circuit designs, and in
the process understand how to get more out of your Sonnet
software than you might have thought possible. Sonnet Lite
is available for free download at
http://www.sonnetsoftware.com/lite/ . Registration of
Sonnet Lite is highly recommended and it is very important
since it increases the size of the model you can run during
training. Also, the Introductory level attendees will
receive a complimentary copy of Sonnet Lite PLUS -- A $495
VALUE!
The Advanced Topics course is
aimed at current users of Sonnet Professional, and will
highlight advanced features and how they are best employed.
The attendees will learn how to use Sonnet's thick metal
technology, create 3D planar structures like spiral
inductors, utilize Sonnet's powerful Conformal Mesh for efficient analysis of curved and
diagonal
structures, and learn a variety of tips for reducing
simulation model requirements and analysis time. The
attendees are not required to complete the introductory
Sonnet training course prior to attending this advanced
topic course. The attendees should however, have a good
understanding of the Sonnet Professional user interface,
planar circuit construction and Sonnet ports. Familiarity
with basic electromagnetic terms is strongly recommended.
For more information about the
dates and location of the training seminars and to register
on-line, please visit:
www.sonnetsoftware.com/support/training.asp |
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On-line Knowledge Base |
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Sonnet has totally updated the
on-line knowledge base. It not only sports a fresh new look,
but it has the most comprehensive library of topics that are
essential to using Sonnet Suite's tools.
Want to know how to get started
in Sonnet?
Want to know what's new in the
current release?
Have a question on importing a
DXF file?
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Want to learn about the Broadband
Spice Extractor?
Take the new Knowledge Base for a
test drive.
Click here to go directly to the Online Knowledge Base, now.
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European
Microwave Week 2007 |
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Sonnet Software, Inc. will
be exhibiting at this year's European Microwave Week 2007 in
Munich, Germany. The Exhibition will be
held from 9th - 11th of October, 2007.
Come and see all of the new features
included in our new major release of SONNET Suites
Professional™, Version 11. We look forward to seeing you at
Booth #507!
View Complete Sonnet Tradeshow Schedule
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Copyright ©1983-2007 Sonnet Software,
Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Sonnet Software, Inc. - 100 Elwood Davis
Rd. - North Syracuse, NY 13212
Phone: 315.453.3096 - Fax: 315.451.1694
Toll Free in North America: 877.7SONNET
(877.776.6638)
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